Home Economics – Domestic Science

Home economics covers both the influence of science and technology on women’s work in the home (particularly the introduction of “labor-saving devices”) and the development of the discipline of Home Economics (known alternatively as Domestic Science, Family Resources, Consumer Sciences, and other names). The home economics movement attempted to apply scientific principles and discoveries to domestic labor. Because the home economics movement shares some roots with the ecology movement, additional relevant works may be found in the section NATURAL, BIOLOGICAL, AND LIFE SCIENCES. Some material on nutrition is cited in the CHEMISTRY section.

This section is divided into three subsections:
Reference (2093-2095)
General (2096-2194)
Biographies and Studies of Individuals (2195-2218)

REFERENCE

2093 Glazer-Malbin, Nona. “Housework.” SIGNS 1, no.4 (Summer 1976): 905-922. Review essay.

2094 Huls, Mary Ellen. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS ON WOMEN 1800-1990: A COMPREHENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY. VOLUME I: SOCIAL ISSUES. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1993. Chapter seven “Homemaking and Home Economics Education” (pp.130-144) is a selected annotated bibliography of government publications on home economics issued during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

2095 JOURNAL OF WOMEN’S HISTORY GUIDE TO PERIODICAL LITERATURE, Gayle V. Fischer, comp. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1992. See bibliographies in the sections headed “Material and Popular Culture” (especially “Crafts/Quilts/Embroidery,” “Fashion/Textiles/Beauty Culture,” “Food,” “Science and Technology”) and “Work” (especially “Housework,” “Crafts, Trades, and Home-Based Work”) for citations relevant to home economics and domestic science.

GENERAL

2096 Anderson, Edna Page, East, Marjorie, and Thomson, Joan, eds. DEFINITIVE THEMES IN HOME ECONOMICS AND THEIR IMPACT ON FAMILIES, 1909-1984. Washington, DC: American Home Economics Association, 1987.

2097 Andrews, William D., and Andrews, Deborah C. “Technology and the Housewife in 19th Century America.” WOMEN’S STUDIES 2, no.3 (1974): 309-328.

2098 Arnold, Eleanor. VOICES OF AMERICAN HOMEMAKERS. Rushville, IN: National Extension Homemakers Council, 1986. Household technology is one of the topics discussed.

2099 Arnold, Eleanor, ed. BUGGIES AND BAD TIMES: MEMORIES OF HOOSIER HOMEMAKERS. Indianapolis: Indiana Extension Homemakers Association, 1985.

2100 Arnold, Eleanor, ed. PARTY LINES, PUMPS AND PRIVIES: MEMORIES OF HOOSIER HOMEMAKERS. Indianapolis: Indiana Extension Homemakers Association, 1984.

2101 Attar, Dena. “Now You See It, Now You Don’t: The History of Home Economics – A Study in Gender.” In POLICIES FOR THE CURRICULUM, ed. by Bob Moon, et al., pp.131-146. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1989.

2102 Attar, Dena. WASTING GIRLS’ TIME: THE HISTORY AND POLITICS OF HOME ECONOMICS. London: Virago, 1990.

2103 Bailey, Lena, and Davis, Beulah Sellers, eds. SEVENTY SIGNIFICANT LEADERS IN HOME ECONOMICS TEACHER EDUCATION. Washington: American Home Economics Association, 1982.

2104 Baldwin, E.E. “The Home Economics Movement: A `New’ Integrative Paradigm.” JOURNAL OF HOME ECONOMICS 83, no.4 (Winter 1991): 42-49.

2105 Baldwin, Keturah E. THE AHEA SAGA, A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE AMERICAN HOME ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION AND A GLIMPSE AT THE GRASS ROOTS FROM WHICH IT GREW. Washington, DC: American Home Economics Association, 1949.

2106 Barber, Mary L., ed. HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION, 1917-1959. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1959.

2107 Beaudry, M. DOMESTIC PURSUITS: HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY OF AMERICAN HOUSEHOLDS. St. Louis, MO: CRC, 1993.

2108 Berch, Bettina. “Scientific Management in the Home: The Empress’s New Clothes.” JOURNAL OF AMERICAN CULTURE 3 (Fall 1980): 440-445.

2109 Berk, Sarah Fenstermaker. WOMEN AND HOUSEHOLD LABOR. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1980.

2110 Betters, Paul Vernon. THE BUREAU OF HOME ECONOMICS; ITS HISTORY, ACTIVITIES AND ORGANIZATION. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, 1930; repr. New York, AMS Press, 1974.

2111 Blackwelder, Julia Kirk. “Mop and Typewriter: Women’s Work in Early Twentieth-Century Atlanta.” ATLANTA HISTORY JOURNAL (Fall 1983): 21-30.

2112 Boris, Eileen. “Homework and Women’s Rights: The Case of the Vermont Knitters 1980-1985.” SIGNS 13 (Autumn 1987): 98-120.

2113 Bose, Christine E., Bereano, Philip L., and Malloy, Mary. “Household Technology and the Social Construction of Housework.” TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE 25, no.1 (January 1984): 53-90.

2114 Bose, Christine E. “Technology and Changes in the Division of Labor in the American Home.” WOMEN’S STUDIES INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY 2, no.3 (1979): 295-304.

2115 Boydston, Jeanne. HOME AND WORK: HOUSEWORK, WAGES, AND THE IDEOLOGY OF LABOR IN THE EARLY REPUBLIC. New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.

2116 Brown, Marjorie M. PHILOSOPHICAL STUDIES OF HOME ECONOMICS IN THE UNITED STATES: OUR PRACTICAL-INTELLECTUAL HERITAGE. East Lansing, MI: College of Human Ecology, Michigan State University, 1985. 2 vol.

2117 Burton, June K., and Johnson, Mary. “The Contents of Humanistic Manuals of Home Economics and Sex During the Napoleonic Era.” CONSORTIUM ON REVOLUTIONARY EUROPE 1750-1850: Proceedings 1983: 681-696. Instructional manuals for French women on household management, childrearing, health, sex, and care of livestock provide insights into views of womanhood and the family during the Napoleonic era.

2118 Bushman, Richard L., and Bushman, Claudia L. “The Early History of Cleanliness in America.” JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY 74 (March 1988): 1213-1238.

2119 Cahn, Susan. INDUSTRY OF DEVOTION: THE TRANSFORMATION OF WOMEN’S WORK IN ENGLAND, 1500-1660. New York: Columbia University Press, 1987.

2120 Carrell, Kimberly W. “The Industrial Revolution Comes to the Home: Kitchen Design Reform and Middle-Class Women.” JOURNAL OF AMERICAN CULTURE (Fall 1979): 488-499.

2121 Carroll, William K., and Warburton, Rennie. “Feminism, Class Consciousness and Household-Work Linkages Among Registered Nurses in Victoria.” LABOR/LE TRAVAIL 24 (Fall 1989): 131-146.

2122 Cebotarev, E. A. “Women’s Contribution to Agricultural Science and Technology.” RESOURCES FOR FEMINIST RESEARCH/DOCUMENTATION SUR LA RECHERCHE FEMINISTE 15, no.3 (November 1986): 43-45.

2123 Chaudhuri, Nupur. “Good Homemakers Make Good Neighbors.” KANSAS QUARTERLY 18, no.3 (1986): 53-63.

2124 Cowan, Ruth Schwartz. “A Case Study of Technology and Social Change: The Washing Machine and the Working Wife.” In CLIO’S CONSCIOUSNESS RAISED: NEW PERSPECTIVES ON THE HISTORY OF WOMEN, ed. by Mary Hartmann and Lois Banner, 245-253. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.

2125 Cowan, Ruth Schwartz. “The `Industrial Revolution’ in the Home: Household Technology and Social Change in the Twentieth Century.” TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE 17, no.1 (January 1976): 1-23. Repr. in DYNAMOS AND VIRGINS REVISITED: WOMEN AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE IN HISTORY, ed. by Martha Moore Trescott, pp.205-232. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1979.

2126 Cowan, Ruth Schwartz. “Less Work for Mother?” AMERICAN HERITAGE OF INVENTION AND TECHNOLOGY 2, no.3 (1987): 57-64.

2127 Cowan, Ruth Schwartz. MORE WORK FOR MOTHER: THE IRONIES OF HOUSEHOLD TECHNOLOGY FROM THE OPEN HEARTH TO THE MICROWAVE. New York: Basic Books, 1983. Includes excellent bibliography.

2128 Cowan, Ruth Schwartz. “Two Washes in the Morning and a Bridge Party at Night: The American Housewife Between the Wars.” WOMEN’S STUDIES 3, no.2 (1976): 147-172.

2129 Cowan, Ruth Schwartz. “Women and Technology in American Life.” In TECHNOLOGY AT THE TURNING POINT, ed. by William B. Pickett, pp.23-33. San Francisco: San Francisco Press, 1977.

2130 Craig, Hazel Thompson. THE HISTORY OF HOME ECONOMICS. New York: Practical Home Economics, 1945. Ed. by Blanche M. Stover.

2131 Dare, Salle. “Consuming Science: Food Preparation and Women’s Role.” RESOURCES FOR FEMINIST RESEARCH/DOCUMENTATION SUR LA RECHERCHE FEMINISTE 15, no.3 (November 1986): 53-56.

2132 Davidson, Caroline. A WOMAN’S WORK IS NEVER DONE: A HISTORY OF HOUSEWORK IN THE BRITISH ISLES, 1650-1950. London: Chatto & Windus, 1982.

2133 Dickie, Ruth S. “Women and Cooperative Home Economics Extension.” In UNIVERSITY WOMEN, ed. by Marian J. Swoboda and Audrey J. Roberts, vol.2, pp. 89-100. Madison, WI: Office of Women, University of Wisconsin System, 1980.

2134 Donham, S. Agnes. THE EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS HOME ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION, FORMERLY THE NEW ENGLAND HOME ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION, THE FIRST FORTY-THREE YEARS, 1909-1952. Boston: Eastern Massachusetts Home Economics Association, 1954. Has interesting introduction describing the growth of the home economics movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

2135 Douglas, Diane M. “The Machine in the Parlor: A Dialectical Analysis of the Sewing Machine.” JOURNAL OF AMERICAN CULTURE 5 (Spring 1982): 20-29.

2136 Du Vall, Nell. DOMESTIC TECHNOLOGY: A CHRONOLOGY OF DEVELOPMENTS. Boston, MA: G.K. Hall, 1988.

2137 Dudden, Faye E. SERVING WOMEN: HOUSEHOLD SERVICE IN NINETEENTH- CENTURY AMERICA. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1983. See especially the section on “New Conveniences and Higher Standards,” pp.126-147.

2138 Dye, Marie, ed. HOME ECONOMICS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, 1892-1956. Chicago: Home Economics Alumni Association, 1972.

2139 East, Marjorie. HOME ECONOMICS: PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 1980.

2140 Ehrenreich, Barbara, and English, Deirdre. FOR HER OWN GOOD: 150 YEARS OF THE EXPERTS’ ADVICE TO WOMEN. New York: Doubleday, 1979. See especially chapter 2, “Witches, Healers, and Gentlemen Doctors,” chapter 3, “Science and the Ascent of the Experts,” and chapter 4, “The Sexual Politics of Sickness.”

2141 Foster, Thomas. “History, Critical Theory, and Women’s Social Practices: `Women’s Time’ and Housekeeping.” SIGNS 14 (Autumn 1988): 73-99.

2142 Fox, Bonnie J. “Selling the Mechanized Household: 70 Years of Ads in LADIES HOME JOURNAL.” GENDER & SOCIETY 4 (March 1990): 25-40.

Franklin, Linda Campbell. THE OFFICIAL FROM HEARTH TO COOK STOVE: AN AMERICAN DOMESTIC HISTORY OF GADGETS AND UTENSILS MADE OR USED IN AMERICA FROM 1700 TO 1930. Orlando: House of Collectibles, 1985. 3rd ed. Rev. ed. of FROM HEARTH TO COOK STOVE (2nd ed., 1978). Historical dictionary of kitchen equipment.

2143 Garrett, Elisabeth Donaghy. AT HOME: THE AMERICAN FAMILY, 1750-1870. New York: H.N. Abrams, 1990.

2144 Giedion, Siegfried. MECHANIZATION TAKES COMMAND: A CONTRIBUTION TO ANONYMOUS HISTORY. New York: Oxford University Press, 1948. See esp. pp.512-627, “Mechanization Encounters the Household.”

2145 Gilman, Amy. “`Cogs to the Wheels’: The Ideology of Women’s Work in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Fiction.” SCIENCE AND SOCIETY 47 (Summer 1983): 178-204.

2146 Green, Harvey. THE LIGHT OF THE HOME: AN INTIMATE VIEW OF THE LIVES OF WOMEN IN VICTORIAN AMERICA. New York: Pantheon, 1983.

2147 Green, Nancy. “Remembering Lucy Flower Tech: Black Students in an All-Girl School.” CHICAGO HISTORY 14, no.3 (1985): 46-57.

2148 Hayden, Dolores. THE GRAND DOMESTIC REVOLUTION: A HISTORY OF FEMINIST DESIGNS FOR AMERICAN HOMES, NEIGHBORHOODS, AND CITIES. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1981.

2149 Hayden, Dolores. REDESIGNING THE AMERICAN DREAM: THE FUTURE OF HOUSING, WORK, AND FAMILY LIFE. New York: Norton, 1984. Despite title, significant historical content, especially in part I, “The Evolution of American Housing,” pp.3-59.

2150 Hayden, Dolores. “Two Utopian Feminists and Their Campaigns for Kitchenless Houses.” SIGNS 4 (Winter 1978): 274-290.

2151 Hobbs, Margaret, and Pierson, Ruth Roach. “A Kitchen That Wastes No Steps: Gender, Class and the Home Improvement Plan, 1936-1940.” HISTOIRE SOCIALE/SOCIAL HISTORY 21 (May 1988): 9-38.

2152 Hoffschwelle, Mary S. “The Science of Domesticity: Home Economics at George Peabody College for Teachers, 1914-1939.” THE JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY 57, no.4 (November 1991): 659-680.

2153 Hoy, Suellen M. “Municipal Housekeeping: The Role of Women in Improving Urban Sanitation Practices, 1880-1917.” In POLLUTION AND REFORM IN AMERICAN CITIES 1870-1930, ed. by Martin V. Melosi, pp.173-198. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1980.

2154 See insert above, at Franklin.

2155 Jensen, Joan M. “Buttermaking and Economic Development in Mid- Atlantic America from 1750 to 1850.” SIGNS 13 (Summer 1988): 813-829.

2156 Jensen, Joan M. “Cloth, Butter and Boarders: Women’s Household Production for the Market.” THE REVIEW OF RADICAL POLITICAL ECONOMICS 12 (Summer 1980): 14-24.

2157 Katzman, David M. SEVEN DAYS A WEEK: WOMEN AND DOMESTIC SERVICE IN INDUSTRIALIZING AMERICA. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978.

2158 Kleinberg, Susan J. “Technology and Women’s Work: The Lives of Working Class Women in Pittsburgh, 1870-1900.” LABOR HISTORY 17, no.1 (Winter 1976): 58-72. Repr. in DYNAMOS AND VIRGINS REVISITED: WOMEN AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, ed. by Martha Moore Trescott, pp.185-204. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1979.

2159 Kleinegger, Christine. “Out of the Barns and Into the Kitchens: Transformations in Farm Women’s Work in the First Half of the 20th Century.” In WOMEN, WORK AND TECHNOLOGY: TRANSFORMATIONS, ed. Barbara Drygulski Wright et al. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1987.

2160 Lopate, Carol. “Ironies of the Home Economics Movement.” EDCENTRIC no.31/32 (November 1974): 40-42, 56.

2161 MacKenzie, Donald, and Wajcman, Judy. THE SOCIAL SHAPING OF TECHNOLOGY: HOW THE REFRIGERATOR GOT ITS HUM. Philadelphia: Open University Press, 1985. Section on “Domestic Technology,” pp.173-222, includes Ruth Schwartz Cowan’s “The Industrial Revolution in the Home” and “How the Refrigerator Got Its Hum,” and Moyra Doorly’s “A Woman’s Place: Dolores Hayden on the `Grand Domestic Revolution’.”

2162 Matthews, Glenna. “JUST A HOUSEWIFE”: THE RISE AND FALL OF DOMESTICITY IN AMERICA. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.

2163 McBride, Theresa M. THE DOMESTIC REVOLUTION: THE MODERNIZATION OF HOUSEHOLD SERVICE IN ENGLAND AND FRANCE, 1820-1920. London: Croom Helm, 1976.

2164 Motz, Marilyn Ferris, and Browne, Pat, eds. MAKING THE AMERICAN HOME: MIDDLE-CLASS WOMEN & DOMESTIC MATERIAL CULTURE, 1840-1940. Bowling Green, OH: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1988. Includes essays on domestic arts and consumption.

2165 Nerad, Maresi. “Gender Stratification in Higher Education: The Department of Home Economics at the University of California, Berkeley 1916-1962.” WOMEN’S STUDIES INTERNATIONAL FORUM 10, no.2 (1987): 157-164.

2166 Nolan, Mary. “`Housework Made Easy’: The Taylorized Housewife in Weimar Germany’s Rationalized Economy.” FEMINIST STUDIES 16 (Fall 1990): 549-578.

2167 Oakley, Ann. WOMAN’S WORK: THE HOUSEWIFE, PAST AND PRESENT. New York: Pantheon, 1974.

2168 Ogburn, William F., and Umkoff, Meyer Francis. TECHNOLOGY AND THE CHANGING FAMILY. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1955.

2169 Ogden, Annegret S. THE GREAT AMERICAN HOUSEWIFE: FROM HELPMATE TO WAGE EARNER, 1776-1986. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1986. See chapter 5, “From Scientist to Consumer, 1900-1950,” pp.135-170.

2170 Palmer, Phyllis. DOMESTICITY AND DIRT: HOUSEWIVES AND DOMESTIC SERVANTS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1920-1945. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1990. Describes the cultural ideals for housewifery and domestic labor during this period.

2171 Primeau, L.A. “A Woman’s Place: Unpaid Work in the Home.” AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY 46, no.11 (November 1992): 981-988. Summary of feminist theory and research on household work, including historical dimensions.

2172 Pundt, Helen. AHEA, A HISTORY OF EXCELLENCE. Washington, DC: American Home Economics Association, 1980.

2173 Ravetz, Alison. “Modern Technology and an Ancient Occupation: Housework in Present Day Society.” TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE 6, no.2 (Spring 1965): 256-260.

2174 Ravetz, Alison. “The Victorian Coal Kitchen and Its Reformers.” VICTORIAN STUDIES 11, no.4 (1968): 435-460.

2175 Robinson, John P. “Household Technology and Housework.” In WOMEN AND HOUSEHOLD LABOR, ed. by Sarah Berk Fenstermaker, pp.53-67. Beverly Hills: Sage, 1980.

2176 Rothschild, Joan. “Technology, Housework, and Women’s Liberation: A Theoretical Analysis.” In MACHINA EX DEA: FEMINIST PERSPECTIVES ON TECHNOLOGY, ed. by Joan Rothschild, pp.79-93. New York: Pergamon, 1983.

2177 Rothschild, Joan. “Technology, `Women’s Work,’ and the Social Control of Women.” In WOMEN, POWER, AND POLITICAL SYSTEMS, ed. by Margherita Rendel, pp.160-183. New York: St. Martin’s, 1981. Explains how reproductive and household technologies have enhanced the power of patriarchy and capitalism.

2178 Rury, John L. “Vocationalism for Home and Work: Women’s Education in the United States, 1880-1930.” In THE SOCIAL HISTORY OF AMERICAN EDUCATION, ed. by B.E. McClellan and W.J. Reese, pp.233-256. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1988.

2179 Russell, Loris S. HANDY THINGS TO HAVE AROUND THE HOUSE. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1979. Discussion of 19th-century household technology.

2180 Saidak, Patricia. “Home Economics as an Academic Science.” RESOURCES FOR FEMINIST RESEARCH/DOCUMENTATION SUR LA RECHERCHE FEMINISTE 15, no.3 (November 1986): 49-51.

2181 Seymour, John. FORGOTTEN HOUSEHOLD ARTS: A PORTRAIT OF THE WAY WE ONCE LIVED. New York: Knopf, 1987.

2182 Shapiro, Laura. PERFECTION SALAD: WOMEN AND COOKING AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1986.

2183 Stone, May N. “The Plumbing Paradox: American Attitudes toward Late Nineteenth-Century Domestic Sanitary Arrangements.” WINTERTHUR PORTFOLIO 14 (Autumn 1979): 283-310.

2184 Strasser, Susan. “An Enlarged Human Existence? Technology and Household Work in 19th-Century America.” In WOMEN AND HOUSEHOLD LABOR, ed. by Sarah Berk Fenstermaker, pp.29-51. Beverly Hills: Sage, 1980.

2185 Strasser, Susan. NEVER DONE: A HISTORY OF AMERICAN HOUSEWORK. New York: Pantheon, 1982. Illustrated. Excellent bibliography.

2186 Thompson, Patricia J. “Home Economics: Feminism in a Hestian Voice.” In THE KNOWLEDGE EXPLOSION: GENERATIONS OF FEMINIST SCHOLARSHIP, ed. Cheris Kramarae & Dale Spender, pp.270-280. New York: Teachers College Press, 1992. Reviews impact of feminism on home economics since the late 1960s.

2187 Thomson, Ross. “Learning by Selling and Invention: The Case of the Sewing Machine.” JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC HISTORY 47 (June 1987): 433-446.

2188 Thrall, Charles. “The Conservative Use of Modern Household Technology.” TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE 23, no.2 (April 1982): 175-194.

2189 Vanek, Joan. “Household Technology and Social Status: Rising Standards of Living and Status and Residence Differences.” TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE 19, no.3 (July 1978): 361-375.

2190 Warren, Charline J. AN OFFICIAL HISTORY OF NATIONAL EXTENSION HOMEMAKERS COUNCIL, INC., 1930-1990. Burlington, KY: National Extension Homemakers Council, 1991.

2191 WE ARE TOMORROW’S PAST: HISTORY OF THE CANADIAN HOME ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION. Ottawa, ON: Canadian Home Economics Association, 1989.

2192 Weigley, Emma S. “It Might Have Been Euthenics: The Lake Placid Conference and the Home Economics Movement.” AMERICAN QUARTERLY 26, no.1 (March 1974): 79-96.

2193 Wright, Gwendolyn. MORALISM AND THE MODEL HOME: DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE AND CULTURAL CONFLICT IN CHICAGO, 1873-1913. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980.

2194 Yarwood, Doreen. FIVE HUNDRED YEARS OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE HOME. London: B.T. Batsford, 1983.

BIOGRAPHIES AND STUDIES OF INDIVIDUALS

NOTE: Together, NOTABLE AMERICAN WOMEN and NOTABLE AMERICAN WOMEN: THE MODERN PERIOD provide biographies of thirty women active in the home economics movement. The entries under “Home Economists” include references to biographical articles and pamphlets additional to those cited below. WOMEN IN PARTICULAR: AN INDEX TO AMERICAN WOMEN, by Kali Herman (Phoenix: Oryx, 1984) points to further biographical information on 92 women in the “Domestic Science and Home Economics” index.

2195 Bane, Lita. THE STORY OF ISABEL BEVIER. Peoria, IL: Charles A. Bennett, 1955.

2196 Bing, Franklin C. “Lydia Jane Roberts – A Biographical Sketch.” JOURNAL OF NUTRITION 93, no.1 (September 1967): 1-13. Roberts was a nutritionist and home economics educator.

2197 Clark, Ava Milan, and Munford, J. Kenneth. ADVENTURES OF A HOME ECONOMIST. Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University Press, 1969. Clark was one of the leaders in the home economics movement in the first half of the 20th century.

2198 Cowan, Ruth Schwartz. “Ellen Swallow Richards: Technology and Women.” In TECHNOLOGY IN AMERICA: A HISTORY OF INDIVIDUALS AND IDEAS, ed. Carroll W. Pursell, Jr. 1st ed. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1981. 2nd ed. 1990. pp.142-150.

2199 Cravens, Hamilton. “Establishing the Science of Nutrition at the USDA: Ellen Swallow Richards and Her Allies.” AGRICULTURAL HISTORY 64, no.2 (Spring 1990): 122-133. In thematic issue on the history of the United States Department of Agriculture.

2200 Crowley, Terry A. “Madonnas Before Magdalenes: Adelaide Hoodless and the Making of the Canadian Gibson Girl.” CANADIAN HISTORICAL REVIEW 67, no.4 (1986): 520-547. Assesses career of a Canadian advocate of home economics education.

2201 DeZwart, M.L. “Proving Its Worth: Jessie McLenaghen and Home Economics in British Columbia.” CANADIAN HOME ECONOMICS JOURNAL 41, no.3 (Summer 1991): 134-139.

2202 Eagles, Juanita Archibald, Pye, Orien Florence, and Taylor, Clara Mae. MARY SWARTZ ROSE, 1874-1941, PIONEER IN NUTRITION. New York: Teachers College Press, 1979.

2203 East, Marjorie. CAROLYN HUNT: PHILOSOPHER FOR HOME ECONOMICS. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University, Division of Occupational and Vocational Studies, 1982.

2204 Ewan, Gail. “Agnes Higgins, Nutritionist, 1911-1985, and the Montreal Diet Dispensary.” RESOURCES FOR FEMINIST RESEARCH v.15, no.3 (1986): 48-49.

2205 Hayden, Dolores. “Charlotte Perkins Gilman and the Kitchenless House.” RADICAL HISTORY REVIEW 21 (Fall 1979): 225-247.

2206 HOME ECONOMISTS: PORTRAITS AND BRIEF BIOGRAPHIES OF THE MEN AND WOMEN PROMINENT IN THE HOME ECONOMICS MOVEMENT IN THE UNITED STATES. Baltimore: American Home Economics Association, 1929.

2207 Huddleson, Mary P. “Sarah Tyson Rorer — Pioneer in Applied Nutrition.” JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIAITON 26 (1950): 321-324. Repr. in ESSAYS ON HISTORY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS, pp.280-283. Ed. by Adelia M. Beeuwkes, E. Neige Todhunter, and Emma Seifrit Weigley. Chicago: American Dietetic Association, 1967.

2208 Hunt, Caroline L. THE LIFE OF ELLEN H. RICHARDS. Boston: Whitcomb & Barrows, 1912. This biography of Richards (1842-1911) is a useful guide to the early home economics movement. Repr. Washinton: American Home Economics Association, 1958.

2209 MacDonald, Cheryl. ADELAIDE HOODLESS: DOMESTIC CRUSADER. Toronto: Dundurn, 1986. Biography of advocate of home economics education.

2210 MacDonald, Cheryl. “The Angel in the House: Adelaide Hoodless, Domestic Science Crusader.” BEAVER 66, no.4 (1986): 22-29. Proponent of domestic science in Canadian schools.

2211 Martin, Jane Roland. “Beecher’s Homemakers.” In RECLAIMING A CONVERSATION, by Jane Roland Martin, pp.103-138. On the works of Catharine Beecher (1800-1878), health reformer. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1985.

2212 Robinson, Lisa Mae. “Regulating What We Eat: Mary Engle Pennington and the Food Research Laboratory.” AGRICULTURAL HISTORY 64 (Spring 1990): 143-153.

2213 Rosen, George. “Ellen H. Richards (1824-1911): Sanitary Chemist and Pioneer of Professional Equality for Women in Health Sciences.” AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 64 (1974): 312-323.

2214 Sklar, Kathryn Kish. CATHARINE BEECHER: A STUDY IN AMERICAN DOMESTICITY. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1973. Documents Beecher’s involvement in 19th-century health reform movements. Bibliography.

2215 Talbot, Marion. MORE THAN LORE. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1936. Reminiscences.

2216 Weigley, Emma S. SARAH TYSON RORER: THE NATION’S INSTRUCTRESS IN DIETETICS AND COOKERY. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1977.

2217 Williams, Harold I. “Icie Gertrude Macy Hoobler (1892-1984): A Biographical Sketch.” JOURNAL OF NUTRITION 114, no.8 (August 1984): 1351-1362.

2218 Yost, Edna. FRANK AND LILLIAN GILBRETH: PARTNERS FOR LIFE. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1949. Lillian Gilbreth was an industrial psychologist and a household efficiency expert who applied scientific management techniques to domestic tasks.